कमरे के तापमान पर तापक में तार का प्रतिरोध 65Ω है। जब तापक को 220 V की आपूर्ति से जोड़ा जाता है तो धारा कुछ सेकंड के बाद 2.8 A पर स्थिर हो जाती है। तार का स्थिर तापमान क्या है? (प्रतिरोध का तापमान गुणांक α = 1.70 × 10-4 °C-1)

  1. 955°C
  2. 1055°C
  3. 1155°C
  4. 1258°C

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : 1258°C
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अवधारण:

जब चालक का तापमान बदलता है तो चालक का प्रतिरोध बदल जाता है।

नया प्रतिरोध निम्नवत दिया जाता है:

\({{R}_{t}}={{R}_{0}}\left( 1+\alpha \text{ }\!\!\Delta\!\!\text{ }T \right)\)

जहाँ Rt = तापमान परिवर्तन के बाद चालक का प्रतिरोध

R= तापमान परिवर्तन से पहले चालक का प्रतिरोध

α = तापमान गुणांक

ΔT = अंतिम तापमान – प्रारंभिक तापमान

गणना:

दिया गया है;

T1 = 27°C, R1 = 65 Ω

\({R_2} = \frac{{Supply\;voltage}}{{Steady\;current}} = \frac{{220}}{{2.8}} = 78.6\;{\rm{\Omega }}\)

अब, संबंध का उपयोग करने पर

R2 = R1 [1 + α (T2 – T1)]

\({T_2} - {T_1} = \frac{{{R_2} - {R_1}}}{{{R_1}}} \times \frac{1}{\alpha }\)

\( = \frac{{78.6 - 65}}{{65}} \times \frac{1}{{1.7\; \times\; {{10}^{ - 4}}}}\)

T2 – T1 = 1231

T2 = 1231 + T1 

= 1231 + 27 = 1258°C

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