Associativity of the Logical AND operator ___________.

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option 4. The Logical AND operator (&&) in programming languages such as C, C++, Java, Python, and others is left-associative. This means that when multiple && operators are present in a single expression, they are evaluated from left to right.

Explanation:

In programming, associativity determines the grouping of operators in the absence of parentheses. For example, consider the following expression:

A && B && C

If the Logical AND operator is left-associative (as it is in most programming languages), the expression is evaluated as:

(A && B) && C

Here, the evaluation proceeds from left to right:

• First, A && B is evaluated.
• Then, the result of A && B is logically ANDed with C.

This left-to-right evaluation ensures a predictable and consistent order of operations for expressions involving the && operator.

Example:

int A = 1; / true
int B = 0; / false
int C = 1; / true

if (A && B && C) {
    printf("Condition is true");
} else {
    printf("Condition is false");
}

Step-by-step evaluation:

1. First, A && B is evaluated. Since B is false, the result is false.
2. Next, false && C is evaluated. Since the left operand is false, the result of the entire expression is false.

Output:

Condition is false

The left-to-right evaluation ensures that the expression is short-circuited as soon as a false value is encountered, optimizing performance.

Why Associativity Matters:

• Associativity determines how expressions are grouped when parentheses are not explicitly used.
• In the case of the Logical AND operator, left-to-right associativity ensures that expressions are evaluated in a predictable order, which is crucial for understanding and debugging code.