An overgrowth of bone and soft tissue is seen in

Acromegaly-

• A disorder in adults in which the pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone. This leads to overgrowth of bone known as Acromegaly in adulthood.
• In childhood overproduction of growth hormone leads to an excessive increase in height known as Gigantism.
• Acromegaly is usually caused by a non-cancerous tumor. 
• Middle-aged adults are most commonly affected.
• Symptoms include enlargement of the face, hands, and feet.
• Gigantism occurs when there is an increase in the secretion of growth hormone before the fusion of the long bone epiphysis and is characterized by tall stature.
• Acromegaly occurs when hypersecretion of Growth Hormone occurs after the fusion of the epiphysis leading to large extremities and characteristic faces.
• Surgery of the Pituitary Gland cures acromegaly but in some cases, tumor size is so large to remove entirely so radiation therapy is given.

Additional Information

• Cushing Syndrome Defined:
  • A metabolic disorder caused by the overproduction of corticosteroid hormones by the adrenal cortex often involves obesity and high blood pressure.
  • The most common cause is the use of steroid drugs.
  • But it can also occur from an overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands.
  • Too much cortisol can produce some of the hallmark signs of Cushing syndrome :
    •  A fatty hump between your shoulders, a rounded face, and pink or purple stretch marks on your skin.
• Lack of iodine causes an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland which is called a goitre.
  • Thyroid Gland:
    • The hormones secreted by it are Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine.
    • Iodine is secreted in more quantity.
• Tetany is a symptom described as an involuntary contraction of muscles that leads to painful muscle cramps, spasms of the larynx, and sensory disturbances.