Morphology and Anatomy of Animals MCQ Quiz in తెలుగు - Objective Question with Answer for Morphology and Anatomy of Animals - ముఫ్త్ [PDF] డౌన్‌లోడ్ కరెన్

The correct answer is (i), (ii) and (iii).

Explanation:

• Cutaneous respiration: Frogs can breathe through their skin, which is called cutaneous respiration. This primary respiratory method is especially important when they are underwater or during periods of inactivity like hibernation and aestivation.
• Buccopharyngeal respiration: Frogs also use the moist lining of their mouth and throat (buccopharyngeal cavity) for respiration. This method complements their cutaneous and pulmonary respiration.
• Pulmonary respiration: Frogs possess lungs for breathing air, which are pink, elongated, and hollow sac-like structures located in the thorax.
• Adaptations during aestivation and hibernation: During periods of dormancy, such as aestivation (summer dormancy) and hibernation (winter dormancy), frogs mainly rely on cutaneous respiration to meet their oxygen needs.

According to the NCERT:

• Frogs respire on land and in the water by two different methods. In water, skin acts as aquatic respiratory organ (cutaneous respiration).Dissolved oxygen in the water is exchanged through the skin by diffusion.
• On land, the buccal cavity, skin and lungs act as the respiratory organs. The respiration by lungs is called pulmonary respiration.
• The lungs are a pair of elongated, pink coloured sac-like structures present in the upper part of the trunk region (thorax).
• Air enters through the nostrils into the buccal cavity and then to lungs.
• During aestivation and hibernation gaseous exchange takes place through skin.

The correct answer is Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct while statements (i) and (iv) are incorrect.

Explanation:

Frogs are amphibians and have unique anatomical and physiological features that distinguish them from other vertebrates.​

Statement (i): The medulla oblongata does not pass out through the foramen of Monro.

• Hind-brain consists of cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata passes out through the foramen magnum and continues into spinal cord, which is enclosed in the vertebral column. This statement is incorrect.

Statement (ii): Vasa efferentia are 10-12 in number and arise from the testes in frogs. This is a correct statement.

Statement (iii): Ovaries in frogs have no functional connection with the kidneys. This is a correct statement as the ovaries release eggs into the body cavity, and these are then directed to the oviducts. This statement is correct.

Statement (i v): Frogs are not uricotelic; they are primarily ureotelic, meaning they excret e urea as the main nitrogenous waste. This statement is incorrect.

The correct answer is 4, 5

Explanation:

• Frog's forelimbs: Frogs have four digits on their forelimbs. These limbs are primarily used for support and manipulation.
•  
• Frog's hindlimbs: Frogs have five digits on their hindlimbs. These limbs are adapted for jumping and swimming.

According  to NCERT: 

• The body of a frog is typically divided into two main parts: the head and the trunk.A neck and tail are absent in frog.
• Above the mouth, a pair of nostrils is present.
• Eyes are bulged and covered by a nictitating membrane that protects them while in water.
• On either side of eyes a membranous tympanum (ear) receives sound signals.
• The forelimbs and hind limbs help in swimming, walking, leaping and burrowing.
• The hind limbs end in five digits and they are larger and muscular than forelimbs that end in four digits.
• Feet have webbed digits that help in swimming.

The correct answer is Head and trunk

Explanation:

• Frog's body divisions: The body of a frog is typically divided into two main parts: the head and the trunk.
• Unlike some other animals, frogs do not have a distinct thorax or abdomen sections.
• A neck and tail are absent in frog.
• Above the mouth, a pair of nostrils is present.
• Eyes are bulged and covered by a nictitating membrane that protects them while in water.
• On either side of eyes a membranous tympanum (ear) receives sound signals.
• The forelimbs and hind limbs help in swimming, walking, leaping and burrowing.
• The hind limbs end in five digits and they are larger and muscular than forelimbs that end in four digits.
• Feet have webbed digits that help in swimming.

Fig: External features of frog

The correct answer is Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Concept:

• The body cavity of frogs accommodate different organ systems such as digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, excretory and reproductive systems with well developed structures and functions
• The digestive system consists of alimentary canal and digestive glands.
• The alimentary canal is short because frogs are carnivores and hence the length of intestine is reduced.

Explanation:

• Assertion (A): Frogs have a relatively short alimentary canal. This is true.
• Reason (R): This is because they are carnivores and a short alimentary canal is often sufficient for digesting animal-based foods, which are generally easier to break down compared to plant-based foods. This reason is true and correctly explains the assertion.

The correct answer is Only Statement  2 is correct

Explanation:

• Frogs are cold-blooded or poikilotherms. Frogs can change their color when they are in grasses and on dry land.
• They have the ability to change their color to hide from their enemies (camouflage). This protective coloration is called mimicry. 
• Frogs are not seen during peak summer and winter.
• During this period they take shelter in deep burrows to protect them from extreme heat and cold. This is known as summer sleep (aestivation) and winter sleep (hibernation) respectively.

Therefore, Statement 1 is incorrect.

The correct answer is Rana tigrina.

Explanation:

• Rana tigrina: More commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, Rana tigrina is the correct identification for the common Indian bullfrog.
• Rana esculenta: This is commonly known as the European edible frog, not found in India.
• Rana limnocharis: Known as the Indian cricket frog or the Indian paddy field frog, it is different from the bullfrog.
• Rana cyanophlyctis: Commonly known as the Indian skipper frog or jumping frog, it is also different from the bullfrog.

The correct answer is ciliated epithelium

Explanation:

The type of epithelial cells that line the inner surface of the Fallopian tubes, bronchioles, and small bronchi are known as ciliated columnar epithelium.

Explanation:

1. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium:
   • Structure: This type of epithelium consists of tall, column-like cells that have cilia on their apical surface.
   • The type of epithelial cells that line the inner surface of Fallopian tubes, bronchioles and small bronchi are known as ciliated epithelium
   • These epithelial cells are characterized by the presence of cilia-hair-like structures that protrude from the cell surface and have the ability to move rhythmically. 
   • This epithelium consists of cells that have cilia on their apical surfaces.
   • Ciliated epithelium is specifically adapted for moving substances along the epithelial surface.
   • Function: The cilia help in the movement of mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract and facilitate the movement of the egg along the Fallopian tubes. This is crucial for ensuring proper reproductive and respiratory functions.
   • Location:
     • Fallopian Tubes: Ciliated columnar epithelium helps in transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
     • Bronchioles and Small Bronchi: The cilia help in clearing mucus and debris from the airways, maintaining respiratory health.

Fig: Columnar cells bearing cilia.

Conclusion: Thus, the correct answer is ciliated columnar epithelium

The correct answer is 14 - 16 segment

Explanation:-

• The clitellum is a thickened glandular tissue found in earthworms, and its location varies slightly depending on the species.
• In many earthworm species, including Lumbricus terrestris (common earthworm), the clitellum is typically situated between the 14th and 16th segments of the body.
• During the breeding season, which is often triggered by environmental factors such as temperature and moisture, the secretion of the clitellum becomes highly active.
• The clitellum secretes a mucous substance that forms a protective cocoon, where the earthworm deposits eggs and sperm during copulation.
• This mucous cocoon serves as a protective environment for the fertilized eggs and eventually develops into the next generation of earthworms.

Conclusion:-Earthworm bears a dark band of glandular tissue called Clitellum, it is present in 14 - 16 segment

The correct answer is External Fertilization.

Key Points

• External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body.
• External fertilization occurs when both eggs and sperm are released into the water. 
• After the sperm reaches the egg, fertilization takes place. 
• Each sperm swim randomly in water with help of its long tail. The sperm comes in contact with eggs.
• This type of fertilization in which the fusion of a male and a female gamete takes place outside the body of the female is called external fertilization.
• The release of the reproductive material may be triggered by water temperature or the length of daylight.