Exercise MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Exercise - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Key Points

• Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway by which glucose is converted into pyruvate, which acts as a precursor for for other reactions.
• It is also known as the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway.
• It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
• The pathway involves partial oxidation of one 6-carbon glucose molecule to form two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules, which may then be utilized in the TCA cycle or anaerobic respiratory processes.
• It can take place in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Mistake Points

• The glycolysis process itself does not require oxygen.
• But it is a vital process for cellular respiration.
• Hence, it takes place in both aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Important Points

• The glycolytic pathway consists of 10 steps of enzymatic reactions, which can be divided into 2 phases - 
  • Preparatory or Investment phase - 2 ATP molecules are utilized in this phase.
  • Pay-off phase - 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules are produced in this phase.
• Phosphofructokinase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pathway, meaning it determines the rate at which glycolytic reactions take place.
• Under aerobic conditions, the pyruvate enters the mitochondria for oxidative phosphorylation.
• Under anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate stays in the cytoplasm and gets converted to lactate or ethanol.

The correct answer is a small group of muscles.

Key Points

Analytic exercise:

• It is a general exercise that involves a small group of muscles like writing, grasping, etc.
• It may also be known as fine muscle exercises.
• They are the fine movements that involve a small group of muscles

Gross motor movements:

• They are movements that involve a larger group of muscles.

The correct answer is anaerobic exercise.

Key Points

• Hypertrophy:  It refers to the increase in the size of muscles fibers.
• Anaerobic exercises:
  • Anaerobic exercises are the exercise that is done without oxygen.
  • These exercises are high intensity exercise that uses very less amount of oxygen.
  • Also known as Plyometric exercises which help to increase in muscles size.
  • Anaerobic exercises are done to enhance the strength.

Hence, anaerobic exercise leads to hypertrophy.

Additional Information

• Isokinetic exercise:
  • Isokinetic exercises are the endurance exercise performs on the constant speed.
  • Generally perform on machine to gain accuracy.
• Aerobic exercise:
  • Aerobic exercise are the exercises that are performed  in the presence of oxygen
  • Generally perform to enhance endurance.
• Isotonic exercise:
  • Isotonic means same tension of muscles.
  • Isotonic exercises are done to gain endurance.
  • They are dynamic exercise which performs in with oxygen.

Concept:

Good Health:

• It can simply be defined as the ability to be healthy and free from any diseases.
• It shows are balanced your lifestyle is regarding your daily concern for good health.

Explanation:

Good Health:

• To be able to maintain good health, one must:

1. Exercise regularly.
2. Rest well.
3. Maintain proper hygiene and cleanliness.
4. Follow a good diet.
5. Stress-free life.
6. Social and Economic well-being.

Thus, exercise is a must for good health.

Concept:

• Yoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, which focuses on bringing harmony between mind and body.
• It is an art and science of healthy living.
• The word ‘Yoga’ is derived from the Sanskrit root ‘Yuj’, meaning ‘to join’ or ‘to yoke’ or ‘to unite.
• As per Yogic scriptures, the practice of Yoga leads to the union of individual consciousness with that of Universal Consciousness, indicating a perfect harmony between the mind and body, Man & Nature.

Explanation:

Asana is generally classified into 3 types:

• Sitting asana
• Standing asana
• Lying asana.

Asana may broadly be classified into three categories:

• Cultural or Corrective asana
• Meditative asana
• Relaxative asana
  • Cultural asanas can further be classified into two groups, depending on the effects produced:
    • asana that works through and on the spine and visceral organs.
    • asanas that work through the skeletal muscles, ligaments, and joints.
  • Meditative asanas: These are those asanas that are aimed at quiet sitting and are used for higher practices in yoga. padmasana, swastikasana, sukhasana and siddhasana can be put in this category.
  • Relaxative asanas:
    • These are those which remove tension and bring about physical as well as mental relaxation.
    • The important asanas in this category are Shavasana and Makarasana.

Thus, Option 2 will be the right answer.

Additional Information:

Asana

• An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting meditation pose, and later extended in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise, to any type of position, adding reclining, standing, inverted, twisting, and balancing poses.
• The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali define "asana" as a position that is steady and comfortable".
• Patanjali mentions the ability to sit for extended periods as one of the eight limbs of his system.
• Asanas are also called yoga poses or yoga postures in English.
• Yoga is different from exercise as it doesn't involve speedy movements, but instead very slow and steady movements.
• Yoga helps achieve relaxation which reduces stress & strain.

Explanation:

• Patanjali describes Pranayama as the pause or the rest period after an inhalation seizes and before an exhalation begins.
• Then there is another pause after an exhalation seizes and before an inhalation commences again.
• Yogic Pranayamas are mainly centered around these two pauses cycling between the inhalation and the exhalation.
• Thus a Yogic Pranayama has four sections:
  • Inhalation known as Puraka; Pause after inhalation or holding of the inhaled air known as Kumbhaka;
  • Exhalation is known as Rechaka;
  • Pause after exhalation or suspension after the air is exhaled and before next inhalation begins, also known as Sunyaka.

Thus, A - Q, B - R, C - P is the correct match.

Concept:

Plyometric Training:

• Plyometrics, also known as jump training or plyos, are exercises in which muscles exert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing power.
• Plyometrics are exercises that involve a jumping or explosive movement.
• For example, skipping, bounding, jumping rope, hopping, lunges, jump squats, and clap push-ups are all examples of plyometric exercises.

Explanation:

Equipment:

• Developing explosive power and increasing your jumping height with plyometric training equipment, includes:
  • plyoboxes,
  • jump ropes,
  • Dumbells
  • cones,
  • training hurdles, etc.
  • staircase

Thus, Option 3 will be the correct answer.

Confusion PointsPlease note, Combining weights (dumbbells) and plyometric (jumping) exercises into the same workout will heighten the responsiveness of fast twitch (speed and power producing) muscle fibre. Hence we can use dumbbells for plyometrics. 

Additional Information:

• Plyometric training, otherwise referred to as 'plyometrics' or 'shock training is a training modality that often requires athletes to jump, hop, bound, and/or skip.
• Plyometrics should not be confused with 'ballistic' training, which is ultimately another word for 'trajectory' training.

Concept:

Hygiene:

• Hygiene is a series of practices performed to preserve health.
• According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases."
• Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness.

Explanation:

• Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene, personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene.
• Home and everyday hygiene include hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home.
• It includes doing exercises that include hygiene for all the bodily systems:
  • Digestive system,
  • circulatory system, 
  • Muscular system,
  • Excretory system, etc.

Thus, Option 4 is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Massage:

• Massage is a general term for pressing, rubbing, and manipulating your skin, muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
• Massage may range from light stroking to deep pressure.
• Direction of force should be in the direction of muscle fibres.
• The pressure should be in line with venous flow.
• Massage should be painless.
• There are many different types of massage, including these common types:
  • Swedish massage: This is a gentle form of massage that uses long strokes, kneading, deep circular movements, vibration, and tapping. It helps you feel relaxed and energized.
  • Deep massage: This massage technique uses slower, more-forceful strokes to target the deeper layers of muscle and connective tissue. It's commonly used to help with muscle damage from injuries.
  • Sports massage: This is similar to Swedish massage, but it's geared toward people involved in sports activities to help prevent or treat injuries.
  • Trigger point massage: This massage focuses on areas of tight muscle fibers that can form in your muscles after injuries or overuse.
  • Effleurage is a massage therapy technique which encourages waste products to leave the body via the lymphatic system.
    • A system that helps the body get rid of waste.
    • Effleurage is also used to increase the blood circulation and prepares the muscle for more vigorous techniques.

Thus, while giving massage, it should not begin and end with effleurage.

Additional Information

• Massage is generally considered part of integrative medicine.
• It's increasingly being offered along with standard treatment for various medical conditions and situations.
• Massage benefits can include:

1. Reducing stress and increasing relaxation
2. Reducing pain and muscle soreness and tension
3. Improving circulation, energy, and alertness
4. Lowering heart rate and blood pressure
5. Improving immune function

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

Statement I Analysis:

• Kinetic data refer to information related to forces causing movement. This is crucial in understanding how different forces act on bodies or objects.
• Dynamometers are used to measure forces, torques, or power, for example, in engines or muscles. Force transducers, on the other hand, convert force into a measurable electrical output.
• These tools are indeed commonly used to collect kinetic data as they can accurately measure the forces involved in movement.

Hence, Statement I is correct.

Statement II Analysis:

• Kinematic data involve the description of motion without considering the forces that cause the motion. This includes parameters like velocity, acceleration, and displacement.
• Kinetic data, as mentioned, relate to the forces causing motion.
• Electromyographic (EMG) data capture electrical activity produced by muscles during their contraction, offering insights into muscle activation patterns.
• The integration of kinematic, kinetic, and EMG data provides a comprehensive understanding of human motion.
• By synthesizing these data into mathematical equations, researchers can describe and predict motions in a detailed and quantifiable manner.
• This approach is fundamental in fields like biomechanics and kinesiology.

- Hence, Statement II is correct.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.