Ecology and Environment MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Ecology and Environment - Download Free PDF

The Correct answer is Global Warming.

Important Points

• The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
• The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005.
• There are currently 192 parties (Canada withdrew from the protocol, effective December 2012) to the Protocol.
• The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to reduce the onset of global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to "a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system" (Article 2).
• The Kyoto Protocol applies to the six greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
• The Protocol is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. 
• it acknowledges that individual countries have different capabilities in combating climate change, owing to economic development, and therefore puts the obligation to reduce current emissions on developed countries on the basis that they are historically responsible for the current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 

The correct answer is Shravasti and Balrampur.

Key Points

• The Suhaildev Wildlife Sanctuary is located close to the Indo-Nepal border.
• It is located in the Shravasti and Balrampur districts of Uttar Pradesh.
• It was established in 1988.
• Total area: 452 sq km.
• It has a buffer zone of 220 sq km.
• This Buffer Zone covers the Bhabar and Rampur range.
• Vegetation: Sheesham, Khair, Jigna, Haldu, etc.
• Wildlife: Tigers, Cheetal, Bear, Langoor, Python, Nightingales, Cuckoo, Qualis. etc.

Additional Information

• There is a total of 11 Wildlife Sanctuaries in Uttar Pradesh.
• The first Wildlife Sanctuary was Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • ​Set up in 1957 in Chandauli district.
• The largest Wildlife Sanctuary is Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • ​Total area: 2073 sq km.
• The smallest Wildlife Sanctuary is Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • ​Total area: 5.40 sq km.

The correct answer is Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary.

Key Points

• Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary
  • ​It is the largest wildlife sanctuary of Uttar Pradesh.
  • It covers the district of Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Ghaziabad, Bijnor, and Amroha.
  • It was established in 1986.
  • Total area: 2073 km²
  • It is a part of the Asia Flyway project.
    • It is included in the Central Asian Flyway.
  • The sanctuary is home to Swamp deer, Hog deer, Sambhar, Cheetal, Crane, Pythons, etc.

Important Points

• Asia Flyway Project
• It is an initiative of the World Wildlife Fund.
  •  Objective
    • ​To conserve habitats for migratory birds.
    • To raise awareness among people regarding the conservation of migratory birds and their habitats.
  • There are 5 flyways in Asia
    • Asian-East African Flyway
    • Central Asian Flyway (India is part of this)
    • East-Asian-Australasian Flyway
    • West-Pacific Flyway
    • African-Eurasian Flyway​

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• Nameri Tiger Reserve
  • The Nameri Tiger Reserve (NTR) is situated in the northern part of the Sonitpur district of Assam.
  • It is situated along the foothills of Arunachal Pradesh.
  • The habitat is biologically rich and is famous for the white-winged wood duck.​

Additional Information

• Other National Parks in Assam
  • Kaziranga National Park
  • Dibru - Saikhowa National Park
  • Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park
  • Manas National Park
  • Nameri National Park
• ​​Project Tiger was launched by the Indira Gandhi government in 1973 from the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand.
• The tiger is an endangered species in the world.

Important Points 

The correct answer is October.

Key Points

•  Wildlife Week
  • In the month of October, Wildlife Week is celebrated in India.
  • Every year in October, from the second to the eighth, India observes National Wildlife Week.
  • The goal of this week is to safeguard and preserve India's flora and animals.
  • With the long-term objective of preserving the lives of animal species that are endangered and threatened, Wildlife Week was first conceived in 1952.

Additional Information

•  An Indian Board of Wildlife has been established by the Indian government, and it works to raise public awareness about the need to protect wildlife.
• Workshops are offered throughout the week to help people of all ages understand the complexity of wildlife.

The correct answer is ​Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Ranthambore National Park is one of the largest and most famous national parks in North India.
• The area of Ranthambore National Park is 392 square kilometres.
• The park is mainly known for its tigers and is one of the best places in India to see majestic predators in its natural habitat.
• Ranthambore National Park is a vast wildlife reserve near the town of Sawai Madhopur in Rajasthan, northern India.
• It is a former royal hunting ground and home to tigers, leopards, and marsh crocodiles.

The correct answer is 1980.

Key Points

• The Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 was passed to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto.
• Under the provisions of this Act, prior approval of the Central Government is required for the diversion of forestlands for non-forest purposes.
• The Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 was further amended in 1988.

Additional Information 

• The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in the year 1986.
• The main objective of this act is to provide the protection and improvement of the environment and for matters connected therewith.
• The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for the protection of plants and animal species.
• Constitutional provisions of Forest Conservation:
  • Article 48-A of the Indian Constitution deals with protection and improvement of the environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife - the state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.
  • Clause g of Article 51 A of the Indian Constitution says that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Optional 3 is correct, i.e. Himachal Pradesh.

Key Points:

The correct answer is Anginda.

Key Points

• Anamudi Peak is located on the border of Kothamangalam Taluka in the Ernakulam district and Devikulam Taluk of Idukki district of Kerala in India.
  • It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India at an altitude of 2,695 meters and a topographic prominence of 2,479 meters.
  • The mountain derives its name from the Malayalam word Anamudi which means Elephant's head in the English language.
  • It is the largest mountain in Kerala and it is also the highest mountain in peninsular India.
  • It is also called "Everest of South India".
• Anginda Peak is the highest peak in Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad.
  • It is a mountain in the Nilgiri Hills of the Western Ghats on the border of the Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu and Palakkad district of Kerala.
  • It has a height of 2,383 meters.
  • The tributary of Bharathappuzha i.e River kunthipuzha arises from this peak.
• Devimala Peak is situated in the Anamalai Hills of Kerala and it is the highest peak in the Devikulam hill station.
  • It is one of the fourteen highest peaks of the Western Ghats in Devikulam taluka of Idukki district.
• Perumal Peak is located in the Kodaikanal district of Tamilnadu and It is also known as the Perumal Malai Peak. 
  • It has an elevation of a total of 2,440 meters​.

Image of Anginda Peak:

The correct answer is SDG 6.

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 6 ensures availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• Sustainable Development Goal 6 is about "clean water and sanitation for all."
• The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.
• They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice.
• The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 strives to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social, and environmental.

Additional Information

• There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals-
  • GOAL 1: No Poverty.
  • GOAL 2: Zero Hunger.
  • GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being.
  • GOAL 4: Quality Education.
  • GOAL 5: Gender Equality.
  • GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation.
  • GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy.
  • GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth.
  • GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
  • GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality.
  • GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities.
  • GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.
  • GOAL 13: Climate Action.
  • GOAL 14: Life Below Water.
  • GOAL 15: Life on Land.
  • GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions.
  • GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal.

The correct answer is Ozone

Key Points

• A Primary Pollutant is a pollutant that emerges directly from any source whereas a secondary pollutant is formed when the primary pollutants react in the atmosphere. 
• Ozone is an example of secondary pollutant since it is formed when nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons combine in the presence of sunlight. 

Additional Information

• Carbon monoxide is a primary pollutant. 

Animals from class Aves are warm-blooded.

• Aves class represents birds and their characteristic features are feathers, a beak, and the forelimbs are modified into wings.
• They are warm-blooded animals i.e. they will be able to maintain constant body temperature.

The correct answer is Loktak Lake.

Key Points:

• Keibul Lamjao National Park, the only floating park in the world, is located in the Loktak lake.
• Keibul Lamjao National Park is the only floating National Park in the world.
• It is the home of the brow-antlered deer which is one of the most endangered deer in the world.
• It is located in the Bishnupur district of Manipur in India.
• It is an integral part of Loktak Lake.

Additional Information

The correct answer is the Protection of the Ozone layer.

Key Points

• The protection of the Ozone layer is the main aim of the Montreal Protocol.
• The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted on September 16, 1987.
• It is aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer of the Earth.

Additional Information

• Initially, it was signed by 46 countries but now has nearly 200 signatories.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Silent Valley National Park:
  • Located in the Palakkad district in the Nilgiri Mountains of Kerala.
  • It is at the heart of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and consists of areas of South Western Ghats rain forests and tropical wet evergreen jungle.
  • River Kunthi passes through it.
  • Silent Valley Park is known for many highly endangered species such as lion-tailed macaque, tiger, gaur, leopard, wild boar, panther, Indian Civet, and Sambhar. 

​Additional Information