Which one of the following represents the output signal-to-noise ratio of a uniform quantizer? (where P denotes average power of the message signal m(t) and R denotes number of bits per sample)

This question was previously asked in
UPSC ESE Electronics & Communication 2022 Official Paper
View all UPSC IES Papers >

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 :
Free
ST 1: UPSC ESE (IES) Civil - Building Materials
20 Qs. 40 Marks 24 Mins

Detailed Solution

Download Solution PDF

Concept:

Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) is a widely used quality measure in analyzing digitizing schemes such as pulse-code modulation (PCM). The SQNR reflects the relationship between the maximum nominal signal strength and the quantization error (also known as quantization noise) introduced in the analog-to-digital conversion.

The SQNR formula is derived from the general signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) formula:

Calculation:

Given the average power of the message signal

P = mmax2(t)

Noise power:

Pnoise = Δ2/12 = mmax2(t)/3L2

Signal to noise ratio:

 

Latest UPSC IES Updates

Last updated on Jul 2, 2025

-> ESE Mains 2025 exam date has been released. As per the schedule, UPSC IES Mains exam 2025 will be conducted on August 10. 

-> UPSC ESE result 2025 has been released. Candidates can download the ESE prelims result PDF from here.

->  UPSC ESE admit card 2025 for the prelims exam has been released. 

-> The UPSC IES Prelims 2025 will be held on 8th June 2025.

-> The selection process includes a Prelims and a Mains Examination, followed by a Personality Test/Interview.

-> Candidates should attempt the UPSC IES mock tests to increase their efficiency. The UPSC IES previous year papers can be downloaded here.

Hot Links: teen patti 3a teen patti list teen patti rummy 51 bonus teen patti online game