What causes the change of seasons? 

The correct answer is Earth's revolution and inclination of its axis.

Key Points

• The Earth's revolution around the Sun, which takes approximately 365.25 days, is a key factor in the occurrence of seasons.
• The inclination of Earth's axis at an angle of 23.5° relative to its orbital plane causes different hemispheres to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year.
• Seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth's axis, not by the distance of Earth from the Sun.
• During its revolution, when the Earth's axis tilts towards the Sun, the respective hemisphere experiences summer, and when it tilts away, winter occurs.
• The phenomenon results in opposite seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at any given time.

Additional Information

• Revolution: The Earth's movement around the Sun in an elliptical orbit, which takes one year to complete.
• Axial Tilt: The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5° from the vertical, which is responsible for the variation in sunlight received at different times of the year.
• Equinox: Occurs twice a year (March and September) when the Sun is directly above the equator, resulting in nearly equal day and night lengths.
• Solstice: Occurs twice a year (June and December), marking the longest and shortest days of the year, depending on the hemisphere.
• Perihelion and Aphelion: Earth's closest approach to the Sun (perihelion) occurs in January, and its farthest point (aphelion) occurs in July, but this has minimal effect on seasons compared to axial tilt.