The desirable VSWR on a transmission line is

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The reflection coefficient is used to define the reflected wave with respect to the incident wave.

The reflection coefficient of the transmission line at the load is given by:

\({\rm{Γ }} = \frac{{{{\rm{Z}}_{\rm{L}}} - {Z_0}}}{{{Z_L} + {Z_0}}}\)

ZL = Load impedance

Z0 = Characteristic Impedance

It is always desirable to have a perfectly matched load for maximum power transfer, i.e. ZL = Z0

For ZL = Z0

\({\rm{Γ }} = \frac{{{{\rm{Z}}_{\rm{0}}} - {Z_0}}}{{{Z_0} + {Z_0}}}=0\)

The Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) is defined as:

\(VSWR = \frac{{1 + {\rm{Γ }}}}{{1 - {\rm{Γ }}}}\)

The voltage standing wave ratio for a perfectly matched load (which is always desirable) is obtained by putting Γ = 0 in the above equation.

\(VSWR = \frac{{1 + {\rm{0 }}}}{{1 - {\rm{0}}}}=1\)

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