Surajith Sinha has classified tribal movements into :

The correct answer is - Ethnic rebellion, reform movements, political autonomy movements, secessionist movements and agrarian unrest

Key Points

• Surajith Sinha's classification
  • Surajith Sinha, a noted anthropologist, categorized tribal movements into five main types based on their objectives and nature.
  • The correct classification includes: Ethnic rebellion, reform movements, political autonomy movements, secessionist movements, and agrarian unrest.
  • This classification focuses on the socio-political and economic dynamics of tribal movements in India.
• Objective of the classification
  • The classification helps in understanding the diverse causes behind tribal movements, such as ethnic identity, religious reforms, or economic grievances.
  • It is widely used in anthropological and sociological studies for analyzing tribal resistance and struggles.
• Why other options are incorrect
  • Option 1: "Reactionary, Conservative, Revisionary" does not align with Sinha's framework but relates to general political classifications.
  • Option 3: "Religious movements, insurgent movements and reform movements" is a general typology, lacking the specific focus of Sinha's categorization.
  • Option 4: "Reformist, Revolutionary and Reactionary" is another broad classification unrelated to Sinha's work.

Additional Information

• Types of Tribal Movements
  • Ethnic Rebellion: Movements aimed at asserting ethnic identity and resisting external domination. Example: Santhal Rebellion.
  • Reform Movements: Movements focused on socio-religious reforms, such as the Tana Bhagat movement.
  • Political Autonomy Movements: Movements demanding self-rule or autonomy, such as the Jharkhand movement.
  • Secessionist Movements: Movements seeking separation from the Indian state. Example: Naga insurgency.
  • Agrarian Unrest: Movements focused on land rights and economic exploitation. Example: Munda Rebellion.
• Significance of Tribal Movements
  • They highlight issues of economic exploitation, political marginalization, and cultural identity.
  • They have led to significant political and social reforms in tribal-dominated regions.