List I contains the characteristics of a validity measure and List II the type of validity. Match List I and List II and choose the correct answer from the code given below.

	List I (Characteristic of validity measure)		List II (Type of validity)
(a)	Measure of product or performance	(i)	Content validity
(b)	Measure of unobservable   psychological entity	(ii)	Predictive validity
(c)	Measure of representation of   substantive knowledge structure	(iii)	Concurrent validity
(d)	Extent of agreement between two   measures	(iv)	Construct validity

face validity:

• Does the test appear to test what it aims to test?
• Face validity is simply whether the test appears (at face value) to measure what it claims to.
• This is the least sophisticated measure of validity.
• Direct measurement of face validity is obtained by asking people to rate the validity of a test as it appears to them. This rater could use a Likert scale to assess face validity.

Concurrent validity:

• Does the test relate to an existing similar measure?
• This is the degree to which a test corresponds to an external criterion that is known concurrently (i.e. occurring at the same time).
• If the new test is validated by comparison with a currently existing criterion, we have concurrent validity.
• Very often, a new IQ or personality test might be compared with an older but similar test known to have good validity already.

Construct validity:

• Does the test relate to underlying theoretical concepts?
• This type of validity refers to the extent to which a test captures a specific theoretical construct or trait, and it overlaps with some of the other aspects of validity. Therefore, It measures the unobservable   psychological entity
• To test for construct validity it must be demonstrated that the phenomenon being measured actually exists. 
• Construct validity entails demonstrating the power of such a construct to explain a network of research findings and to predict further relationships.

Predictive validity:

• Does the test predict later performance on a related criterion?
• This is the degree to which a test accurately predicts a criterion that will occur in the future.
• For example, a prediction may be made on the basis of a new intelligence test, that high scorers at age 12 will be more likely to obtain university degrees several years later. If the prediction is born out then the test has predictive validity. Hence, it measures product or performance.