In illumination, \(\frac{\text { Mean spherical candle power of a source }}{\text { Mean hemi-spherical candle power of the same source }}\) = ?

In illumination engineering, the Reduction Factor is defined as:

\(Reduction \space factor =\frac{\text { Mean spherical candle power of a source }}{\text { Mean hemi-spherical candle power of the same source }}\)

Mean Spherical Candle Power (MSCP): The average luminous intensity of a source in all directions.

Mean Hemispherical Candle Power (MHCP): The average luminous intensity over one hemisphere.

The reduction factor helps in determining how uniformly a light source emits in different directions.

Additional Information

• Maintenance factor: It is defined as the ratio of the illumination under normal working conditions to the illumination when the things are perfectly clean.
• Absorption Factor: It is related to how much light is absorbed by surfaces instead of being reflected.
• Utilisation Factor: It is the ratio of light reaching the working surface to the total light emitted.