Hydro-dynamic pressure on dam due to earthquake, acts at the height of :(H is the depth of water)

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UKPSC JE Civil 8 May 2022 Official Paper-II
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  1. \(\frac{4H}{3 \pi}\) above the base
  2. \(\frac{3H}{4 \pi}\)above the base
  3. \(\frac{3H}{4 \pi}\) below the water surface
  4. \(\frac{4H}{3 \pi}\) below the water surf

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : \(\frac{4H}{3 \pi}\) above the base
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Detailed Solution

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Concept:

Hydrodynamic Pressure due to Earthquake

The horizontal acceleration increases the water pressure as the dam accelerates towards the reservoir and water resists the movement due to its inertia.

The pressure distribution is parabolic in nature.

The magnitude and its location from the base of the dam is given in the figure below:

F2 N.M Madhu 10.04.20 D2

Where,

Kh = Horizontal seismic coefficient, γw = Unit weight of water (kN/m2), H = Height of the dam (m), and Pe = Hydrodynamic pressure (kN/m2).

As per Von Karman it is parabolic 

 As per the Zanger method, it is Elliptical cum parabolic

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