अवकल समीकरण ydx – (x + 2y2) dy = 0 का सामान्य समीकरण क्या है?

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  1. x = y2 + cy
  2. x = 2cy2
  3. x = 2y2 + cy
  4. उपरोक्त में से कोई नहीं 

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Option 3 : x = 2y2 + cy
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NDA 01/2025: English Subject Test
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संकल्पना:

रैखिक अवकल समीकरण का हल:

यदि अवकल समीकरण में\(\frac{{{\rm{dx}}}}{{{\rm{dy}}}} + {\rm{Px}} = {\rm{Q}}\) का रूप है, तो जहाँ P और Q, y का फलन हैं। 

हल निम्न रूप में दिया गया है,\({\rm{x}} \times {\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}.{\rm{\;}} = \smallint {\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}.{\rm{\;}} \times {\rm{Qdy}} + {\rm{c}}\)

जहाँ I.F. समाकलन कारक है जो निम्न रूप में दिया गया है,

\({\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}. = {{\rm{e}}^{\smallint {\rm{Pdy}}}}\)

गणना:

दिया गया है: ydx – (x + 2y2) dy = 0

\({\rm{y}}\frac{{{\rm{dx}}}}{{{\rm{dy}}}} = {\rm{x}} + 2{{\rm{y}}^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{{{\rm{dx}}}}{{{\rm{dy}}}} = \frac{{\rm{x}}}{{\rm{y}}} + 2{\rm{y}}\)

\( \Rightarrow \frac{{{\rm{dx}}}}{{{\rm{dy}}}} - \frac{{\rm{x}}}{{\rm{y}}} = 2{\rm{y}}\)

अवकल समीकरण निम्न रूप में है, \(\frac{{{\rm{dx}}}}{{{\rm{dy}}}} + {\rm{Px}} = {\rm{Q}}\)

समाकलन कारक, \({\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}. = {{\rm{e}}^{\smallint {\rm{Pdy}}}}\)

\({\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}. = {{\rm{e}}^{\smallint - \frac{1}{{\rm{y}}}{\rm{dy}}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow {\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}. = {{\rm{e}}^{ - \ln {\rm{y}}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow {\rm{I}}.{\rm{F}}. = \frac{1}{{\rm{y}}}\)

अवकल समीकरण निम्न रूप में दिया गया है,

\({\rm{x}} \times \frac{1}{{\rm{y}}} = \smallint \frac{1}{{\rm{y}}} \times \left( {2{\rm{y}}} \right){\rm{dy}} + {\rm{c}}\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{{\rm{x}}}{{\rm{y}}} = 2{\rm{y}} + {\rm{c}}\)

⇒ x = 2y2 + cy

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