30 litres of a mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 3 : 2. If 5 litres of this mixture be replaced by 5 litres of milk, the ratio of milk to water in the new mixture would be:

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  1. 2 : 1
  2. 4 : 3
  3. 7 : 3
  4. 8 : 3

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : 2 : 1
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Detailed Solution

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Given:

30 litres of a mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 3 : 2.

5 litres of this mixture is replaced by 5 litres of milk.

Formula used:

Initial milk = Total mixture × Fraction of milk

Initial water = Total mixture × Fraction of water

New milk = Initial milk - Milk removed + Milk added

New water = Initial water - Water removed

Calculations:

Initial milk = 30 × (3/5) = 18 litres

Initial water = 30 × (2/5) = 12 litres

Milk removed = 5 × (3/5) = 3 litres

Water removed = 5 × (2/5) = 2 litres

New milk = 18 - 3 + 5 = 20 litres

New water = 12 - 2 = 10 litres

New ratio of milk to water = 20 : 10 = 2 : 1

∴ The correct answer is option (1).

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